Coleco was an American company founded in 1932 by Maurice Greenberg as the "Connecticut Leather Company". Coleco became a highly successful toy company in the 1980s, known for its mass-produced version of Cabbage Patch Kids dolls and its video game consoles, the Coleco Telstar (in 1976) and ColecoVision (1982).

Coleco then moved into handheld electronic games and produced two very popular lines of games, the "head to head" series of two player sports games, (Football, Baseball, Basketball, Soccer, Hockey) and the mini-arcade series of licensed video arcade titles such as Donkey Kong and Ms. Pacman. A third line of educational handhelds was also produced and included the Electronic Learning Machine, Lil Genius, Digits, and a trivia game called QuizWhiz.

As well as releasing the ColecoVision games console in 1982, Coleco also moved into marketing games which could run on the Atari 2600 games console and the Intellivision (their main rivals).

In 1983, Coleco released the Coleco Adam computer (either stand-alone), or as an upgrade to the ColecoVision.

Alas the Adam was a commercial failure, due to unreliability, and Coleco withdrew from the electronics market in 1985.